Gambling is a widely practised activity in most countries, but it has numerous negative social and economic impacts. These impacts affect gamblers, their significant others and society at large. These impacts can be categorized into three classes: personal, interpersonal and community/societal levels.
Gambling consists of wagering something of value on an uncertain event, in which the outcome is either to win a prize or lose something. In most cases, the stakes are relatively low, but some people may bet high amounts of money to make a fortune. It is considered an addictive behaviour and can be a dangerous hobby, as many people develop gambling problems, which can have severe consequences.
While the vast majority of people who gamble do so responsibly and enjoy the thrill of risking money for a chance to win, it is estimated that between 2.5 million and 5 million American adults have a gambling problem. While this number is not as high as other types of addictions, it can have a serious impact on a person’s quality of life. In addition to the financial costs, problem gambling can cause family distress, strained relationships and loss of employment.
The psychological mechanisms behind gambling are complex, but in general it can be characterized as a form of partial reinforcement. This is because when someone takes a gamble, they know that they have a chance of winning but also a risk of losing. Despite this, they continue to take the gamble because they expect that they will be reinforced at some point. This expectation is known as “variance-based motivation.”
In the past, the psychiatric community viewed pathological gambling as a compulsion, motivated by the need to relieve anxiety, but in 2013 the APA moved it into the substance-related and addictive disorders section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. It is now recognised as an addiction akin to other impulse-control disorders, including kleptomania (stealing), pyromania (fire-starting) and trichotillomania (hair-pulling).
It has been shown that people who are addicted to gambling have less activation of the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in decision making and self-control. This might explain why they are so impulsive and lack the ability to regulate their gambling behaviour. There are a variety of other factors that contribute to a person’s gambling habits. Genetics and personality can also play a role in how susceptible a person is to developing an addiction to gambling.
While it’s important to recognise the potential dangers of gambling, it’s equally essential to understand its positive aspects and societal contributions. From stimulating economic growth to promoting entertainment and fostering cognitive skills, gambling can be beneficial for both the gambler and the wider population when it’s regulated responsibly. For further information on Safeguarding Training, please visit our site. We offer a wide range of courses, from Safeguarding Children to Safeguarding Vulnerable Adults. To book a course, please click here. If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to contact us. We’re happy to help!